منابع مشابه
Japanese Government Policy in Pharmaceutical to Innovative R & D Industry
The Japanese pharmaceutical industry has been growing steadily since the 1970's. The early success, however, largely depended on technological "diffusion" including technology transfer or licensing of competitive foreign pharmaceutical products followed by development of incremental drugs which largely contributed to the early prosperity of domestic industry. Recently, transformation in distrib...
متن کاملU.S. R&D and Japanese Medium Cycles
In the thirty year period between 1960 and 1990 Japan saw labor productivity rise from a level of 27 percent of the U.S. to 87 percent of the U.S. This development miracle can be explained by an initial low capital stock and measured variations in TFP. These facts motivate our investigation into the sources of Japanese TFP variations. We consider Japanese and U.S. data that is filtered to retai...
متن کاملRecent Japanese R&D in Satellite Communications
Current trend in telecommunications is “broadband” and “ubiquitous.” To achieve this goal, satellite communications systems are expected to play an important role in cooperation with terrestrial communications systems. Along with the advancement of optical fiber transmission systems, the role of satellite communications was dramatically changed from long distance transmission to various applica...
متن کاملCompetition and R&D Financing: Evidence from the Biopharmaceutical Industry∗
What is the interaction between competition, R&D investments, and the financing choices of R&D-intensive firms? Motivated by existing theories, we hypothesize that as competition increases, R&D-intensive firms will: (1) increase R&D investment relative to assets-in-place that support existing products; (2) carry more cash; and (3) maintain less net debt. We provide causal evidence supporting th...
متن کاملR&D Intensity, ICT Investment and Industry Productivity Growth*
This paper takes a step toward identifying the ultimate drivers of productivity growth at the industry level. Based on Neoclassical and New Growth Theory we develop an empirical methodology that allows us to test for the fundamental drivers of industry productivity growth. We present two sets of industry classifications, one based on ICT intensity and another based on innovation types. Using OE...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Tetsu-to-Hagane
سال: 1989
ISSN: 0021-1575,1883-2954
DOI: 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.75.12_2139